Contingency theory posits that organizational dimensions must fit together. Which dimensions are listed?

• A. Strategy, Structure, People, Work, Rewards
• B. Culture, Technology, Finance, Marketing
• C. Leadership, Change, Performance, Innovation
• D. Planning, Control, Execution, Quality

Answer: (A)

In contingency theory, organizational effectiveness comes from aligning several interdependent elements so the whole system supports the chosen direction. The five dimensions that must fit together are strategy, structure, people, work, and rewards. Strategy sets what the organization is aiming to accomplish; structure determines how authority and tasks are arranged to carry out that strategy; people bring the skills, motivations, and roles needed; work covers the actual processes and activities the organization performs; rewards ensure incentives align with the desired outcomes and behaviors. When these elements are in harmony—strategy aligned with structure and work, supported by capable and motivated people, and reinforced by appropriate rewards—the organization can execute effectively in its environment. The other option groupings include important topics in management, but they do not represent the specific set of dimensions traditionally cited for fitting within this contingency perspective.